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- This covers conference articles and proceedings presented by staff of CIU
- This contains literature that has been written across the globe on Covid 19 Disease which has affected the whole world starting December 2019
- This covers books and book chapters written by staff of CIU
- This contatins all CIU staff papper and publications
- This covers research works by students from the Institute of Public Health and Management.
Recent Submissions
Factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral drugs Use among adolescents living with hiv at china-uganda Friendship hospital-naguru, kampala.
(Clarke International University, 2024-03) Nakaggwa winfred
Use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the central measure for viral load suppression and
prevention of opportunistic infections among adolescents living with HIV. However, in Uganda,
ART adherence among adolescents is at 67.4% which falls below the 95% WHO target. The
purpose of the study was to determine the factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral drug
use among adolescents living with HIV at China-Uganda Friendship hospital-Naguru, Kampala
District.
A cross sectional descriptive study design employed quantitative collection methods. A sample
size of 368 respondents was selected using a convenience sampling method. Using a researcher
administered questionnaire, data was obtained and analyzed using statistical package for social
scientists (SPSS version 20) for presentation in form of tables and graphs.
Findings of the study revealed that 44.8% were under care of a single parent, 69.3% had not
disclosed their status, 40.8% mentioned that non – adherence has no effect on them, 51.9% felt
stigmatized and 48.1% reported that religious leaders‘ teachings were unbothered about ART,
62.5% were living in a distance of >5 kilometers, 73.1% reported that health workers had
varying moods, 81.2% said that the operating time of the ART clinic was not convenient and
78% complained of long waiting time at the facility.
The study concluded that adolescents were non – adherent to the recommended use of ART due
to individual and health facility related factors. Therefore, health workers and caretakers should
offer extensive counselling on adherence and improvement in delivery of ART services are
necessary so as to enhance adherence
Factors influencing post - operative pain management among nurses at china – uganda friendship hospital –naguru kampala district
(Clarke International University, 2023-12) Merry yebio asgede
Background: Post-operative pain (POP) is a form of acute pain due to surgery that results
from tissue injury during the surgical procedure. Globally, the prevalence of post-operative
pain represents above 50% in the first 24 hours after surgery and above 30% in the next 24
hours after surgery. In addition, a study by 32% of post-operative patients are dissatisfied
with their pain control which has been attributed to a shortage of analgesics.
Study Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine the nurse-related, practice-
related, and health facility factors influencing post-operative pain management among nurses
working on the post-operative wards at China – Uganda Friendship Hospital – Naguru
Kampala District in December 2023.
Methods: The study used a descriptive cross–sectional study design to study 32 nurses at
Naguru General Hospital. A purposive sampling method was used to select study participants
and data was collected using semi–structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using a
statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) which is presented in tables, graphs, and pie
charts.
Results: The study findings revealed that only 28.1% of the respondents were adequately
efficient in managing post-operative pain. Nurse–related factors had a significant positive
relationship with post-operative pain management namely: nursing qualification (0.031) and
the perception that sleeping patients do not experience pain (0.046). The health facility-
related factors significantly associated were: the unavailability of pain assessment assisting
tools at the unit (0.003), inadequate analgesics (0.004), and absence of supervision (0.023).
There was no significant relationship between practice-related factors and post-operative pain
management.
Recommendations: The Ministry of Health through the National Medical stores should
supply adequate analgesics needed to attain effective pain management; staffing at the
hospital should be increased to provide an adequate workforce; Naguru Hospital management
should offer support supervision and there should be regular refresher training to improve the
nurses’ skills. regarding post-operative pain management.
Knowledge and attitude towards vasectomy among married Men in barapwo ward, lira city.
(Clarke International University, 2024-03) Chemutai jovia
Introduction
Vasectomy is a permanent contraceptive method available for men with high success rates yet
underutilized globally including in Uganda. The utilization of vasectomy in Uganda rarely
exceeds 0.1% despite numerous efforts to increase contraceptive uptake. The objective of this
study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of married men towards vasectomy in
Barapwo Ward, Lira city.
Methodology
A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out amongst 302 married men selected by
simple random sampling. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to assess knowledge
and attitudes of respondents. Data was analysed using Stata version 14 software.
Results
The level of utilization of vasectomy was 0.3% and the proportion of respondents who were
willing to undergo vasectomy in future was 19.8%. Majority of the respondents (59.1%) had
heard of vasectomy and most of them heard about it from health workers (37.8%). Most of
them (69.9%) correctly knew that vasectomy is a permanent family planning method.
Majority (41.4%) strongly agreed that men should not involve themselves on family planning
while 22.5% agreed with only 8.0% disagreeing. Likewise, majority (50.3%) strongly agreed
that permanent sterilization should only be for females while 18.9% were neutral. Further,
Respondents who had attained college/university education, whose wives had attained
secondary level of education, who were unemployed, who had not heard about vasectomy,
who incorrectly answered that vasectomy is effective days later after operation and
immediately after were less likely to undergo vasectomy
Conclusion
In conclusion, Vasectomy is underutilized in Uganda with knowledge gaps and negative
attitudes that negatively impact utilization of the method.
Recommendation
There is urgent need to create awareness about vasectomy to improve on knowledge and
subsequently realize attitude change towards vasectomy.
Effects of covid-19 lockdown on the well-being of adolescents In masindi municipal council, central division
(Clarke International University, 2024-03) Frances caningom
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown measures significantly
impacted socially and economically on the well-being of adolescents globally, nationally and
locally. In Uganda and specifically in Masindi Municipal Council (MMC), there was increased
rates of anxiety, depression, and stress among adolescents due to restricted social interactions
and uncertainties. This necessitated a study which aimed at exploring the effects of covid19
lockdown on the well-being of adolescents in MMC, Masindi District.
Methodology: A cross sectional study design with quantitative methods of data collection and
analysis was used. A sample size of 384 respondents used, selected by simple random
sampling. Data collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed by cross-
tabulation between variables using SPSS version 26 data analysis software, at three steps;
univariate, bivariate and multivariate.
Results: Out of the 384 adolescents majority 256 (67%) had poor living while the minority
128 (33%) had good wellbeing during Covid-19 lockdown. Demographic characteristics
associated with wellbeing included; being a female adolescent (AOR: 0.25, P=0.002), residing
in rural areas (AOR: 2.6, P=0.039), being part-time worker (AOR: 0.23, P=0.024) and
unemployed (AOR: 0.04, P=0.001). Social effects included; unawareness of adolescent early
marriages (AOR: 5.2, P=0.041), having recreational opportunities (AOR: 4.0, P=0.015),
parental inaccessibility to work (AOR: 0.06, P=0.001), insufficient food (AOR: 8.4, P=0.001).
Inaccessible medical care services (AOR: 5.99, P=0.001), lack coping mechanism support to
social effects of COVID-19 lockdown (AOR: 9.08, P=0.001). Economic effects included;
family experienced constant income (AOR: 9.6, P=0.001), adolescents who received less
economic support (AOR: 78.8, P=0.001) and who felt economically insecure (AOR: 2.9,
P=0.031).
Conclusion: Due to social and economic effects of covid19 lockdown, majority of adolescents
wellbeing were compromised.
Recommendations: Government should strengthen strategic framework for Emergency
Preparedness for appropriate, timely and effective response to adolescents wellbeing
especially in lockdowns.
The prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among Patients with diabetes mellitus at kiruddu referral hospital.
(Clarke International University, 2023-02) Matovu nayiga margaret
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM), is a highly prevalent non-communicable disease and
one of the fastest growing global health emergencies of the 21 st Century. Hypertension (HTN)
may precede the onset of DM and these often coexist, which increases the risk of
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among diabetics. Studies indicate that Hypertension is
twice as frequent in patients with diabetes compared to the non-diabetic individuals.
Methods: A descriptive hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 246
patients with diabetes seeking routine medical care at the Diabetic Clinic of Kiruddu Referral
Hospital using a quantitative approach to determine the prevalence and factors associated
with hypertension among patients with diabetes.
Results: The coexistence of hypertension was reported among one hundred thirteen
participants (45.9%). At multivariate analysis, using logistic regression model, the factors
that remained significant were: Age (AOR=12.468, 95% CI: 4.298 – 36.171), Obesity
category (AOR=2.630, 95% CI: 0.324 – 5.308), and having ever smoked (AOR=0.028, 95%
CI: 0.006 – 0.179).
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate a high prevalence of hypertension, the prevalence of
hypertension among patients with diabetes has been extensively studied in other African
countries ranging between 44.2% to 80% (Akalu&Belsti, 2020; Al-Azzam et al., 2021;
Alanazi et al., 2017; Bassi et al., 2018; Mariye et al., 2019; Mohamed et al., 2021), among
diabetics with an overwhelming risk are the elderly of 60 years and above, those with obesity
and patients that had a history of smoking.
Recommendations
Recommendations to patients
Diabetic patients are encouraged to regularly screen for hypertension for timely diagnosis and
close monitoring of the comorbidity especially among the elderly.