Factors influencing self-management of diabetes type II Among patients attending gombe general hospital

Abstract

Background: Patients diagnosed with Type II Diabetes often play a crucial role in monitoring and controlling their condition through various ways including lifestyle modifications and medication adherence. This self-management of Type II Diabetes is a complex and multifaceted process often influenced by various factors that result in negative outcomes. This study therefore sought to determine the factors influencing self-management of Diabetes type II among patients attending Gombe General Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was employed among patients aged 40 to 65 years old attending the diabetic clinic at Gombe General Hospital. The structured questionnaire was administered, data was collected and entered in EPI-INFO 2020 software, and was cleaned and analyzed using STATA version 15.0 and Excel. Binary logistic regression was done to examine the factors independently associated with self-management of Diabetes type II among patients attending Gombe General Hospital. The chi-square test was done to determine the level of association between the economic, knowledge, and health- related factors associated with self-management of Diabetes type II among patients attending Gombe General Hospital. Results: The study revealed the level of compliance to self-management of diabetes type II among patients attending Gombe General Hospital was 32.3%. the significantly associated factors were found to be: being a male patient (AOR: 2.50; 95%CI: 1.119-5.851; p = 0.026), having an income above 500,000 (AOR: 11.02; 95%CI: 1.038-116.942; p = 0.046), having tertiary and secondary education levels (AOR: 2.41, 95%CI: 0.062-4.345; P<0.001) and (AOR:1.17;95%CI: 0.053-0.524; P=0.002) respectively. In addition, patients with knowledge about the cause of diabetes were (AOR: 3.39; 95%CI: 0.164-0.922; p = 0.032), those with knowledge about the screening of diabetes (AOR: 3.43; 95%CI: 1.437-8.188; p = 0.005), Patients with access to the health facility within 5 km (AOR: 6.79; 95%CI: 1.166-39.633; p = 0.033) and lastly, patients who could communicate critical information with the doctors (AOR: 3.15;95%CI: 0.035-0.66; p = 0.012) were the factors independently associated with self-management of Diabetes type II among patients. Recommendations: There is a need for gender-specific interventions in diabetes management, equitable resource access, and financial assistance programs to support low- income patients in obtaining essential medications and healthcare services. Additionally, comprehensive educational initiatives are essential for enhancing health literacy and promoting awareness about diabetes causes and screenings to empower patients to make informed health decisions